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...... Although most illustrators at this time were men, some women were making a name for themselves. Jessie Willcox Smith, who was born in Philadelphia in 1863, originally studied to be a kindergarten teacher. She then found her ability for drawing at the later of 20. After coursework at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts, she had a long and distinguished career as an illustrator of childrens magazines and books including Heidi (BPIP)

John Sargent, who was born in Florence, Italy, during 1856 to expatriate American parents, was a well known fine arts painter and illustrator, as was the case for many artists. Also, as with many others in the art field, he was praised and scorned for his artwork. His Venetian works were praised by some, while others called him a "travel-book illustrator" rather than a true artist. However, criticisms from art critics did not deter him or his wealthy patrons. He captured people of all ages, primarily of wealthy and prominent social backgrounds. His reputation grew with association to this well-to-do clientele and soon those wanting to establish their own reputation in high society hired him for fashionable portraits (esortment)......

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