Excerpt from Term Paper:

.... marginal benefits against the marginal costs involved in making an economic decision. It must be remembered that economic theory is also often based upon the philosophy of utilitarianism, which reiterates on the principle of the greatest good for the greatest number. (Marginal analysis, n. d.) This can be explained by stating that one must be able to make a decision based on the objective of maximizing societal welfare through the decision. (Marginal analysis, n. d.)
It must be noted that although this type of choice may be easy at times, it may be extremely difficult at other times. Take for example a customer who is in the process of deciding what sort of new car he must purchase. This person would make his decision based on what he likes best, provided it stays within his fixed budget. This can mean that this customer would have maximized utility by managing to purchase the things that he likes the best. This example is a simple utilization of the utilitarian principle. At times, it may not be so easy; for example, when one is in the process of deciding an issue on healthcare. Must the elderly be denied vital health care just

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