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...... Hip-hop music has also become part of the mainstream, and the lecture notes emphasize the importance of this transition for both those involved in hip-hop and consumers. The notes claim that hip-hop has become a $10 billion industry and 80% of its consumers are white. Introducing hip-hop to the mainstream has in many cases affected the quality and content of its music. However, many artists used commercial success to promote the spirit of hip-hop that transcended the music
Early hip-hop music had its roots in funk and soul, and was not widely accepted outside of the community in which it was created. The unique sounds of rap music challenged the American listening public by shifting away from rock song structures and instrumentation. Sampling songs and scratch became some of the signature effect of DJs, who provided the music over which rappers would speak their poetry. The fact that rapping is generally unmelodic and set over percussive-forward music ensured that hip-hop remained an underground music. Break beats offered a novel approach to musical expression. The lecture notes discuss the supremacy of the DJ within hip-hop, which is why one DJ could pair up with multiple rappers......

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