Excerpt from Term Paper:

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Most Americans consider these cultural requirements to be socially backward

manifestations of repressive, male-dominated society that contradicts our own

comparatively socially liberal social values. Likewise, Americans are appalled by media

reports detailing the brutal practice of forced female circumcision, in which preschool-

age African girls are subjected to genital mutilation usually without anesthesia or even

rudimentary antiseptic precautions as a mandatory cultural ritual. Reportedly, the

purpose of female circumcision is that uncircumcised females are shunned by males as

prospective wives


According to modern psychologists, these practices are nothing more than

institutionalized manifestations of male sexual insecurities and the specific male fear of

female sexuality and their anxiety over their own perceived inability to satisfy a woman

sufficiently to guarantee sexual fidelity (Verene 1992). Additionally, the forced

suppression of even the slightest hint of female attractiveness and sexuality by laws

requiring that women cover themselves completely in public is a function the

fundamental inconsistency between religious teachings and natural human desires......

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